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- '\"
- '\" Copyright (c) 1993 The Regents of the University of California.
- '\" Copyright (c) 1994 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
- '\"
- '\" See the file "license.terms" for information on usage and redistribution
- '\" of this file, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES.
- '\"
- '\" @(#) scan.n 1.6 94/12/17 16:18:45
- '\"
- .so man.macros
- .HS scan tcl
- .BS
- '\" Note: do not modify the .SH NAME line immediately below!
- .SH NAME
- scan \- Parse string using conversion specifiers in the style of sscanf
- .SH SYNOPSIS
- \fBscan \fIstring format varName \fR?\fIvarName ...\fR?
- .BE
-
- .SH INTRODUCTION
- .PP
- This command parses fields from an input string in the same fashion
- as the ANSI C \fBsscanf\fR procedure and returns a count of the number
- .VS
- of conversions performed, or -1 if the end of the input string is
- reached before any conversions have been performed.
- .VE
- \fIString\fR gives the input to be parsed and \fIformat\fR indicates
- how to parse it, using \fB%\fR conversion specifiers as in \fBsscanf\fR.
- Each \fIvarName\fR gives the name of a variable; when a field is
- scanned from \fIstring\fR the result is converted back into a string
- and assigned to the corresponding variable.
-
- .SH "DETAILS ON SCANNING"
- .PP
- \fBScan\fR operates by scanning \fIstring\fR and \fIformatString\fR together.
- If the next character in \fIformatString\fR is a blank or tab then it
- matches any number of white space characters in \fIstring\fR (including
- zero).
- Otherwise, if it isn't a \fB%\fR character then it
- must match the next character of \fIstring\fR.
- When a \fB%\fR is encountered in \fIformatString\fR, it indicates
- the start of a conversion specifier.
- A conversion specifier contains three fields after the \fB%\fR:
- a \fB*\fR, which indicates that the converted value is to be discarded
- instead of assigned to a variable; a number indicating a maximum field
- width; and a conversion character.
- All of these fields are optional except for the conversion character.
- .PP
- When \fBscan\fR finds a conversion specifier in \fIformatString\fR, it
- first skips any white-space characters in \fIstring\fR.
- Then it converts the next input characters according to the
- conversion specifier and stores the result in the variable given
- by the next argument to \fBscan\fR.
- The following conversion characters are supported:
- .TP 10
- \fBd\fR
- The input field must be a decimal integer.
- It is read in and the value is stored in the variable as a decimal string.
- .TP 10
- \fBo\fR
- The input field must be an octal integer. It is read in and the
- value is stored in the variable as a decimal string.
- .TP 10
- \fBx\fR
- The input field must be a hexadecimal integer. It is read in
- and the value is stored in the variable as a decimal string.
- .TP 10
- \fBc\fR
- A single character is read in and its binary value is stored in
- the variable as a decimal string.
- Initial white space is not skipped in this case, so the input
- field may be a white-space character.
- This conversion is different from the ANSI standard in that the
- input field always consists of a single character and no field
- width may be specified.
- .TP 10
- \fBs\fR
- The input field consists of all the characters up to the next
- white-space character; the characters are copied to the variable.
- .TP 10
- \fBe\fR or \fBf\fR or \fBg\fR
- The input field must be a floating-point number consisting
- of an optional sign, a string of decimal digits possibly con
- taining a decimal point, and an optional exponent consisting
- of an \fBe\fR or \fBE\fR followed by an optional sign and a string of
- decimal digits.
- It is read in and stored in the variable as a floating-point string.
- .TP 10
- \fB[\fIchars\fB]
- The input field consists of any number of characters in
- \fIchars\fR.
- The matching string is stored in the variable.
- If the first character between the brackets is a \fB]\fR then
- it is treated as part of \fIchars\fR rather than the closing
- bracket for the set.
- .TP 10
- \fB[^\fIchars\fB]
- The input field consists of any number of characters not in
- \fIchars\fR.
- The matching string is stored in the variable.
- If the character immediately following the \fB^\fR is a \fB]\fR then it is
- treated as part of the set rather than the closing bracket for
- the set.
- .LP
- The number of characters read from the input for a conversion is the
- largest number that makes sense for that particular conversion (e.g.
- as many decimal digits as possible for \fB%d\fR, as
- many octal digits as possible for \fB%o\fR, and so on).
- The input field for a given conversion terminates either when a
- white-space character is encountered or when the maximum field
- width has been reached, whichever comes first.
- If a \fB*\fR is present in the conversion specifier
- then no variable is assigned and the next scan argument is not consumed.
-
- .SH "DIFFERENCES FROM ANSI SSCANF"
- .PP
- The behavior of the \fBscan\fR command is the same as the behavior of
- the ANSI C \fBsscanf\fR procedure except for the following differences:
- .IP [1]
- .VS
- \fB%p\fR and \fB%n\fR conversion specifiers are not currently
- supported.
- .VE
- .IP [2]
- For \fB%c\fR conversions a single character value is
- converted to a decimal string, which is then assigned to the
- corresponding \fIvarName\fR;
- no field width may be specified for this conversion.
- .IP [3]
- .VS
- The \fBl\fR, \fBh\fR, and \fBL\fR modifiers are ignored; integer
- values are always converted as if there were no modifier present
- and real values are always converted as if the \fBl\fR modifier
- were present (i.e. type \fBdouble\fR is used for the internal
- representation).
- .VE
-
- .SH KEYWORDS
- conversion specifier, parse, scan
-